Here, too, are found airglow, some aerosols, and ![]() This altitude range spans the region where mixingĬeases to be the dominant process governing atmospheric composition and dif-įusive separation begins. Processes in the magnetosphere focus energy into the auroral zone, where pre-Ĭipitating energetic particles, auroras, strong electric fields, electrojetĬurrents, and enhanced ionization all give clues about the total magnetic Global electric current system, and the electrojets. Here are the D, E, and part of the F regions of the ionosphere,Ĭharacterized by complex chemical reactions in response to solar energy, the This region of the atmosphere is of extreme interest in atmospheric and space True vertical profiles by direct measurement, although some parameters canīe measured indirectly by ground-based observations such as Thomson backscatter. The greatest single advantage of sounding rockets for studying the upperĪtmosphere is their unique ability to obtain direct, vertical profiles in theĪltitude range of about 40 to 200 km. The techniques best suited to its particular objectives. Has its role and its advantages a well designed experimental program exploits Scientifically instrumented aircraft, balloons, and sounding rockets. Instruments employing, for example, optical, radio, and radar techniques, Among them are artificial satellites and space probes, ground-based The Role of Sounding Rockets in Scientific ResearchĪ number of techniques are available to study the Earth's atmosphere and ![]() Can planetary waves be observed in the stratosphere and mesosphere? To what extent do the troposphere waves penetrate the upper atmo. What is the vertical distribution of major and minor constituents What is the role of eddy diffusion in determining. Position? What is the relative importance of reactions with constituents What is the distribution of ozone and other important, chemicallyĪctive species in the mesosphere as function of time of day, season, and To minor but important species like NO and Na and excited states such as the What is the composition of the mesosphere, particularly with respect Of turbulence, or from the exponential increase with altitude in molecularĭifussion (in inverse proportion to atmospheric density)?ĩ. Transition to molecular diffusion? Does it result from a sudden damping Of turbulent diffusion below the turbopause? What is the nature of the What is the nature of the turbopause? What are the characteristics Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.Ĩ. ![]() Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book.
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